Glossary
- Tachyarrhythmia
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Cardiac arrhythmia in which the heart rate is abnormally increased and irregular—eg atrial flutter
- Tachycardia
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“Racing heart”, abnormally rapid heart rate
- Tachypnoea
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Increased rate of respiration due to increased oxygen requirement or lack of available oxygen
- Taussig-Bing complex
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Specific form of DORV (double outlet right ventricle); ventricular septal defect (VSD, subpulmonary) and abnormal (side-to-side) position of the aorta and the pulmonary artery
- TCPA/TCPC
- total cavo-pulmonary anastomosis or connection
Surgical attachment of the superior and inferior caval veins to the pulmonary artery, serves the separation of pulmonary and systemic circulation in congenital heart defects, e.g. tricuspid atresia, single ventricle. Type of Fontan operation.
- TEE
- transoesophageal echocardiography, ‘cardiac echo’
Ultrasound examination, in which a probe is inserted through the throat (oesophagus) to the immediate vicinity of the heart, e.g. during interventional cardiac catheterisation (non-invasive)
- Telemetry
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Remote transmission of data from a pacemaker (through the skin, non-invasive)
- Tendinous cords
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Parachute-like tendinous strands that traverse the heart and connect the cusps of the AV valves to the papillary muscle
- TGA
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Transposition of the great arteries
- Thorax
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Chest
- Threshold
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The level that must be reached for an impulse to be transmitted to the tissue and stimulate cardiac contraction (cardiac pacemaker)
- Thrombectomy
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Surgical removal of a clot from a blood vessel
- Thrombocytes
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Blood platelets, are part of the body’s coagulation mechanism by virtue of their ‘stickiness’
- Thromboembolic disease
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Vascular obstruction caused by a travelling blood clot
- Thrombolysis
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Dissolution of a blood clot
- Thrombophilia
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Tendency to clotting
- Thrombophlebitis
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Inflammation of the vein
- Thrombosis
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Formation of a thrombus in a blood vessel
- Thrombosis prophylaxis
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Prevention of blood clot formation e.g. with anticoagulant drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (an Aspirin derivate or Coumarin)
- Thrombus
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Blood clot
- Thymus
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A lymphoid organ
- Tissue engineering
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Cultivation of tissue/stem-cell treatment: from embryonic and/or adult stem cells—eg for constructing of cardiac valves
- TOF
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Tetralogy of Fallot
- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
- Congenital defect
The blood flow from some of the pulmonary veins returns to the right instead of to the left atrium, or flows into other systemic veins
- Transannular patch
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Right ventricular outflow tract patch enlargement through the valve ring to the pulmonary artery
- Transatrial
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Through the atrium
- Transfusion
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Blood transfusion; the administration of blood or blood components to compensate heavy loss of blood, for example during surgery (see autologous transfusion)
- Translocation
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Attachment of a fragment of one chromosome to another chromosome
- Transoesophageal echocardiography
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See TEE
- Transplant
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Organ or tissue that is transfered to another individual. Named in relation to the origin of the transplant:
- allogenic, homogenic transplant when transferred from human to human (of the same species) e.g. allo- or homograft
- xenogenic, heterogenic transplantation when transferred from animal to human (different species e.g. xeno- or heterograft)
- autogenic transplantation (recipient and donor are identical) e.g. autograft- Transposed
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Reversed order/interchanged
- Transposition of the great arteries
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Abnormal exit of the main artery and the pulmonary artery from the respective heart ventricle
- Tricuspid insufficiency
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Inadequate closure of the tricuspid valve, some of the blood flows back into the right atrium and reduces cardiac pumping efficiency
- Tricuspid valve
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Cardiac valve with three leaflets, between the right atrium and the right ventricle
- Tricuspid valve atresia
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The valve is closed and the right ventricle underdeveloped. An atrial septal defect (ASD) is always present through which deoxygenated blood can flow from the right to the left atria and ventricle, then into the right ventricle via an existent ventricular septal defect (VSD) and into the outflow path of the right ventricle. Frequently accompanied by constriction of the pulmonary valve
- Tricuspid valve insufficiency
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Inadequate closure of the tricuspid valve. Some of the blood flows back into the right atrium and reduces cardiac pumping efficiency
- Tricuspid valve stenosis
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Narrowing of the valve between the right atrium and ventricle
- Triple test
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Hormonal examination of the blood of the pregnant woman; can be used to assess the risk of the occurrence of Down’s Syndrome
- Trisomy
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The condition of having three copies, instead of the normal two copies, of a given chromosome; the number denotes the chromosome affected (eg Trisomy 18, 21)
- Trisomy 9
- Partial trisomy 9p, Rethoré syndrome
Often associated with congenital heart defect with delayed motor development and other characteristics of chromosomal diseases
- Truncus arteriosus
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Rare type of congenital heart disease that is characterised by a single blood vessel arising from the right and left ventricles, instead of the normal two
- Tube feeding
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A feeding tube is a medical device that is used to provide nutrition to patients who cannot obtain nutrition by swallowing
- Tubus
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Resuscitation tube (see also intubation)
- Turbulence
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Occurrence of movements due to an obstacle in the blood vessel; turbulent flow
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